Aesthetic perception is a reflection by a person or a group of surrounding objects, phenomena, works of art that have a certain value. In fact, this is the creation of a sensual image of the subject. Its content directly determines the object of perception - phenomena, works.
Process
In the course of aesthetic perception, man sees reality in new properties. Thanks to him, the personality reveals to himself the essence of heroic deeds, the beauty of the world, and tragedies. Artistic works have a separate content for aesthetic perception.
In this case, a person creates a separate sensual image, then moving on to reflection, takes into account associations for understanding the content. It is believed that the perception of works of art includes objective data, subjective, individual. It contributes to the fact that the person becomes richer. In aesthetic terms. A person begins to penetrate deeper into surrounding realities, it is better to perceive the objects of reality.
It is believed that in the course of aesthetic, artistic perception, children develop creative activity. Indeed, in this case, the subject becomes a kind of co-author of what he saw, adding to everything his own view, evaluating what is happening, interpreting it.
A person's assessment of the surrounding phenomena depends on his knowledge and previous experience. The aesthetic perception of art is particularly pleasing, depending on the person’s ability to feel it and on the depth and fullness of the work.
As a rule, the process is accompanied precisely by positive emotions - the subject is surprised, experiences joy and pleasure, regardless of whether he interprets the tragedy or something funny. The thing is that the aesthetic perception of a work is possible only in cases when it comes to beautiful, beautiful. For this reason, disgusting objects can be endowed with the same value due to their denial, and therefore the assertion of aesthetic values.
The younger generation
Today, there is a tendency among parents to engage in the development of aesthetic, artistic perception in children. If you ignore this aspect, the emotional development of the child may become slow. Someone pays attention exclusively to the intellect of the younger generation, as a result of such education, the person becomes poorer and suffers.
A lot of people do not notice how the formation of aesthetic perception occurs, how a child is drawn to music, drawings, poetry or theater. From an early age, he is able to realize what is beautiful and what is not. A rich palette of impressions at an early age leaves its mark on the ability of the individual to perceive art subsequently. They enrich the range of emotions available to her, thanks to them, the foundation of the aesthetic perception of the world is laid. So moral guidelines are formed.
For these reasons, introducing a child into the world of beauty is the most important task for parents. It is necessary to acquaint him with art. The sooner adults think about how to develop aesthetic perceptions and take measures, the richer the inner world of the child will be.
Where to start
To begin with, it is worth showing the baby art objects that he will be able to understand. As a rule, children’s aesthetic perception of nature, people who are close to their experience, will be clear to the kids. It must be borne in mind that the mere display of paintings will not be enough. It is important that the adult reveals the meaning to the child, enriching the aesthetic perception of the world, nature, cultural experience and additional meaning.
Simply put, you need to explain in your own words what the creator is trying to convey with the picture, by what methods he did it. It is worth telling about what image arises directly with the parent when he listens to some music. It is necessary to share your emotions with your baby. But you need to select objects for the development of aesthetic perception, taking into account the age of the child. He can hardly figure out Picasso's cubism or realize how beautiful Chopin's waltzes are. No parental enthusiasm will help the child understand what is beautiful in this, until he reaches a certain stage of growing up.
Aesthetic perception of the world is unthinkable without an assessment of the human body. It would be better if the child begins to admire works of art, rather than promotional videos. It is necessary to explain to the child that external beauty reflects the inner world of a person, his thoughts, condition. Then the form of aesthetic perception of the human body will go in the right direction. It is worth investing in the understanding that everyone can be beautiful.
Persons of preschool age hardly makes sense to drive to exhibitions or concerts, and after sincerely be surprised at their whims. The formation of aesthetic perception at this age is too early to understand such events and expositions, albeit the most beautiful ones.
A lot of joint experiences will bring attention of the child to beautiful phenomena in everyday life. For example, you should show him the beauty of a freshly blossomed flower, a spray of sunlight in the early morning and crystal dew in them.
It is worth paying attention to what is the interior of the room in which the person lives. Indeed, in the formation of aesthetic perception, this can be crucial. It is known for certain that the situation that a person sees in the very first years of his life is capable of laying the concept of a beautiful and ugly. Early experience is crucial. It is necessary to ensure that the child is in the interior, decorated with taste.
It is best to show him how colors combine in clothes. It is necessary to pay attention to different types of aesthetic perception, in particular regarding the appearance of a person. It is known that children copy their parents, so first of all it is worth taking care of the good taste in their clothes.
Sensory education of a child is also an important moment in growing up. In addition, it is able to refine the aesthetic perception. Harmony, beauty does not tolerate people with excessively rude feelings. The finer a person distinguishes colors, musical tones, aromas, the sooner he will experience pleasure from the phenomena of the world around him, the more developed will be his aesthetic feeling. If it does not develop sufficiently, a person will be inclined to look for gross irritants in order to experience pleasure. After all, this is the only thing that will be available to him in the absence of the ability to distinguish between subtle tones and strokes.
Activities
An important part of the development of aesthetic perception is the direct activity of man. The more he engages in artistic activities, the thinner the world begins to feel. After the stage of infancy, a person, as a rule, is drawn to drawing, musical instruments.
The most important task at this stage is to timely identify the interests of the child and provide him with the conditions for the implementation of his ideas. An error is often an attempt to make him interested in something that his parents had not once realized. The interests of each person are individual, and this is worth remembering. Even if the child begins to engage in an artistic activity chosen by the parent, he will always be attracted to an area that has been interesting to him since birth. And this is a much more fertile ground for future success.
Environment creation
It is recommended to form a developmental environment in the children's room. Here you will need paints, paper, plasticine, a musical instrument. Materials should provide the child with freedom of action. It is better to make sure that they are always at hand, located in convenient and accessible places. Let the child taste the materials as he wants. At first, children begin to tear paper, roll pencils, and do not interfere.
Let interest in them increase, and then they eventually begin to discover new and much more interesting functions of the objects surrounding them. You should not impose on your child certain ways of interacting with the materials presented, let it be only games and freedom of action.
To awaken the spirit of the experimenter in it, it is recommended to demonstrate how paints are mixed together and how new interesting shades are formed. Along with regular paint, you should also buy finger, pieces of sponge, which are saturated with paints.
Toddlers enjoy drawing. Moreover, up to 3-4 years they cannot hold pencils and brushes in their hands. The paper can be of a very different format and color, there may be boards and other surfaces.
A drawing sheet of paper, laid out on the floor next to the materials for drawing, will help children get closer. It is better to further stimulate the imagination of babies. For example, you can show them vague drawings, so that they figure out what is on them, they finish them themselves.
Suitable blanks in the form of trees, animals, so that they independently painted them. A very good reception is the use of illustrations for fairy tales. The process becomes more interesting if an adult came up with a story about a cat, painted it, and then offered to depict a house for him and so on.
It is worth filling the life of a child with many impressions of new and beautiful places, unique natural phenomena. In cases where there are constantly a lot of emotions, the child will want to express them through paper.
It is recommended to include in such education and modeling from plastic materials so that the artistic and aesthetic perception of children develops in all directions. Ready-made figures can be decorated, used later in games. For example, it can be fruits, berries for dolls. Often used and making applications from leaves, acorns, cones, pieces of tissue, cotton wool and so on.
Adult attitude
An important role in the formation of aesthetic perception will be played by the adult's attitude to the products of the child's activity. It is worth praising him for trying to show a sincere attitude to his work. It is not recommended to take away from the eyes of his creation, the best option would be to create a small exhibition of his works at home. This will consolidate a positive sense of self, in the future the child will be more inclined to creativity.
Musical development
Aesthetic perception is inconceivable without a sound component. To teach a person to feel music finer, it is recommended that you constantly turn on the music at home. There is no need to dwell only on its classic variety - it is better to notice what kind of melodies and styles a child specifically likes. It must be borne in mind that what is heard in an early period of life will leave its significant imprint on what kind of music a person will choose as an adult. It is best to sing along with the baby, teach him to dance, acquire musical instruments so that he plays them. It is worth paying attention to its associations with certain sounds, to contribute to the appearance of images associated with individual melodies.
Thanks to this, an aesthetic perception will form in a person. He will be able to find beauty even in everyday things, expressing everything that he feels in an artistic form. The life of such a person is always filled with many impressions. The craving for everything beautiful can lead to beautiful actions, and there to the same life.
Features of the perception of images
Several mechanisms are combined in the aesthetic perception of the world: artistic and semantic, solving a figurative language, empathic getting into a work, a sense of pleasure. The interaction of these components is provided by the human imagination.
In artistic images there is both a subjective and an objective side. The second is manifested in the fact that the author has already put things that are sufficient for understanding into his work. This is the basis for additional interpretations. If the perception of the audience turns out to be the same as the original intent of the work, we are talking about a cliché image, a reproduction.
But if the image was formed outside the traditional framework, the viewer's imagination will draw very eccentric paintings when familiarizing themselves with the work. Its essence will be put aside, and artistry will come to the fore directly.
Also, aesthetic perception has two plans. In a special way, the mechanisms by which the viewer separates the reaction to vital phenomena from the reaction to the role of the image in the artistic context are correlated here.
If the work adequately reflects a certain reality, complicity in perception will increase. While the second mechanism is related to how developed is the aesthetic perception of the viewer. Much depends on experience, knowledge of art, vision of the world.
In cases where the first mechanism is completely excluded, the work is devoid of aesthetic feelings. While if there is no second component, the image turns into something empirical and infantile, it will not have the very specificity of art. Thus, a feature of aesthetic perception is the contact of these two faces. Thanks to this, an artistic effect is formed.
It is noteworthy that information has survived to this day about how the master of his craft Leonardo da Vinci formed the aesthetic perception of nature, culture and the world as a whole. He made them look out for long spots of church walls, which became brighter over time from dampness. He believed that in this way students began to perceive more shades.
Scientist Jacobson described looking at clouds, blots, broken branches while interpreting them as images of animals, landscapes, and works of art. The Soviet artist Obraztsov also advised paying attention to these objects, developing his aesthetic perception. He believed that genuine aesthetes perceive the creations of nature as the greatest works of art.
main feature
The main feature of the aesthetic feeling is its disinterestedness. It is not associated with the satisfaction of material needs, with satisfying hunger or saving lives and other instincts. Admiring the fruits, a person does not feel the urge to eat them - these are not interconnected things. The basis of this feeling is a special need inherent in humanity - in aesthetic experiences. She appeared in primitive times.
When people created household items, they decorated them, gave them special forms to meet their particular need, although they did not affect the quality of the object and its suitability for use in everyday life. The greatest ecstasy was caused by objects of harmonious forms, some ideal symmetrical combinations. With the development of mankind, the form of satisfying the need for aesthetic experiences became more complicated. So various forms of art appeared.
