Starting from mid-summer and ending in late autumn, thousands of mushroom pickers climb into the forests in order to quench their thirst for gathering. Many people go out into the woods not even to search for mushrooms, but only to quench their craving for natural beauty and solitude with nature.
However, one should not forget about what is in the forests and dangers. First of all, we are talking about poisonous mushrooms, which are cleverly disguised as their edible analogues. Take, for example, a false boletus. How to distinguish it from a normal mushroom? To do this, you need to know how the true brown boletus looks.
It looks like an ordinary mushroom of discreet color. The hat is most often grayish-white. The leg is thickened, widens downward, in color it closely resembles a birch trunk. Very important! The pulp of the mushroom is white and does not change its color when cut! And now - a false boletus.
Often it is called a "bile fungus." In appearance, he almost perfectly copies the edible fellow. The same leg, and the hat is almost the same color. It’s just enough to fry or cook it to fully feel the whole depth of the mistake made: the taste of the mushroom is pungent and terribly bitter. It is not difficult to understand why the false boletus was called "bile."
How to distinguish?
There is a 100% "quality guarantee". A poisonous mushroom will never be wormy (the exception is chanterelles, which in any case are not). If it happens at the end of summer, the weather is rather dry, but the mushroom is surprisingly clean, then this is an occasion to think. If all the neighboring mushrooms (especially not the youngest ones) are also completely pure, then this is almost certainly a false boletus.
After the test for "worminess", carefully look at the leg. Both mushrooms have a similar color, but the inedible variant has a pockmarked pattern that does not look like a birch trunk. Experienced mushroom pickers say that in the “bile mushroom” the color on the stem is similar to a capillary network.
Not too appetizing, but it’s better to lose your appetite immediately, and not after the first spoon of a lovingly prepared dish that has become inedible.
"Hat matters"
After a thorough inspection of the bottom, you can take on the hat. Note! In a real boletus, its bottom will never, under any circumstances, be pink. If you notice even a shade of pink, it is better not to take such a mushroom.
At the top, the “fake” hat almost always has at least a small, but quite noticeable shade of green. A normal mushroom does not have this. Such a “birch bark" (photo is a false option) will surely "please" you with the disgusting taste of a spoiled dish.
If even after this you are not sure, just feel the hat. The “noble” velvety surface indicates a forgery. What does a normal boletus look like? The mushroom always has a flat and smooth head surface. The last "touch" - break off a piece from it. If it is pink at the break, then you have a bile fungus in front of you.
Finally, let us give you one universal piece of advice. Remember! If you have any doubts about anything, then never, under any circumstances, take a mushroom! The option described above is the mildest case, fraught only with a spoiled dinner. The same pale grebe does not have an unpleasant taste, but its use is almost always fatal.
