About what atmospheric pressure is, they tell us at school at the lessons of natural history and geography. We get acquainted with this information and safely throw it out of our heads, rightly believing that we will never be able to use it.
But years later, stress and the ecological environment will have a sufficient impact on us. And the concept of “geo-dependence” will no longer seem like bullshit, because pressure surges and a headache will begin to poison life. At this moment, you will have to remember what the norm of atmospheric pressure is, in Moscow, for example, in order to adapt to new conditions. And live on.
School basics
The atmosphere that surrounds our planet, unfortunately, literally puts pressure on everything living and nonliving. To define this phenomenon, there is a term - atmospheric pressure. This is the force of the air column on the area. In the SI system, we are talking about kilograms per 1 square centimeter. Normal atmospheric pressure (optimal indicators have long been known for Moscow) affects the human body with the same strength as a weight of 1.033 kg. But most of us do not notice this. Enough gases are dissolved in body fluids to neutralize all unpleasant sensations.
Norms of atmospheric pressure in different regions are different. But the ideal is considered 760 mm RT. Art. The mercury experiments were the most revealing at a time when scientists were proving that air was weighty. Mercury barometers are the most common pressure gauges. It should also be remembered that ideal conditions for which the named 760 mm Hg are relevant. Art. is the temperature 0 ° C and the 45th parallel.
In the international system of units, it is customary to determine the pressure in Pascals. But for us it is more familiar and understandable to use the fluctuations of the mercury column.
Relief features
Of course, many factors influence the value of atmospheric pressure. The most significant are the relief and proximity to the magnetic poles of the planet. The norm of atmospheric pressure in Moscow is fundamentally different from the indicators of the same St. Petersburg; and for residents of some remote village in the mountains, this figure may seem generally abnormal. Already at a level of 1 km above sea level, the pressure is low. It corresponds to 734 mm RT. Art.
As already noted, in the region of the earth's poles the amplitude of the pressure change is much higher than in the equatorial zone. Even during the day, atmospheric pressure changes somewhat. Slightly, however, only 1-2 mm. This is due to the difference in day and night temperatures. Usually cooler at night, which means that the pressure is higher.
Pressure and man
For a person, in fact, it does not matter what atmospheric pressure: normal, low and high. These are very conditional definitions. People tend to get used to and adapt to everything. The dynamics and magnitude of changes in atmospheric pressure are much more important. On the territory of the CIS countries, in particular in Russia, there are quite a lot of zones of low pressure. Often, locals do not know about it.
The norm of atmospheric pressure in Moscow, for example, may well be regarded as a variable value. After all, every skyscraper is a kind of mountain, and the higher and faster you go up (go down), the more noticeable the difference will be. Some people may well pass out, taking a ride on a high-speed elevator.
Adaptation
Doctors almost unanimously agree that the question “what atmospheric pressure is considered normal” (Moscow or any settlement on the planet - doesn’t matter) is incorrect on its own. Our body adapts perfectly to life above or below sea level. And if the pressure does not have a detrimental effect on a person, it can be considered normal for a given area. Doctors say that the norm of atmospheric pressure in Moscow and other large cities is in the range from 750 to 765 mm Hg. pillar.
A completely different thing is the pressure drop. If within a few hours it rises (falls) by 5-6 mm, people begin to experience discomfort and pain. This is especially dangerous for the heart. His heartbeat becomes more frequent, and a change in the frequency of breaths leads to a change in the rhythm of oxygen supply to the body. The most common ailments in this situation are weakness, nausea, headache, etc.
Meteorological dependence
Normal atmospheric pressure for Moscow may seem like a nightmare to visitors from the North or from the Urals. Indeed, each region has its own norm and, accordingly, its own understanding of the stable state of the body. And since in life we do not concentrate on accurate indicators of pressure, weather forecasters always focus on whether this pressure for a given region is increased or decreased.
After all, not every person can boast that he does not notice the corresponding changes. Anyone who cannot call himself lucky in this matter should systematize his feelings during pressure drops and find acceptable control measures. Often enough a cup of strong coffee or tea is enough, but sometimes more serious help in the form of drugs is needed.
City Pressure
The most meteorological are residents of megacities. It is here that a person experiences more stress, lives life at a high pace and experiences environmental degradation. Therefore, to know what the norm of atmospheric pressure is for Moscow is vital.
The capital of the Russian Federation is located on the Central Russian Upland, which means that there is a priori low pressure zone. Why? Everything is very simple: the higher above sea level, the lower the atmospheric pressure. For example, on the banks of the Moscow River, this figure will be 168 m. And the maximum value in the city is recorded in Teply Stan - 255 m above sea level.
It can be assumed that Muscovites expect abnormally low atmospheric pressure much less often than residents of other regions, which, of course, cannot but rejoice them. And yet, what atmospheric pressure is considered the norm in Moscow? Meteorologists say that usually its indicator does not exceed 748 mm RT. pillar. This means little, since we already know that even a quick rise in an elevator can have a significant effect on a person’s heart.
On the other hand, Muscovites do not feel inconvenience if the pressure fluctuates between 745-755 mm Hg. Art.
Danger
But from the point of view of doctors, not everything is so optimistic for the residents of the metropolis. Many experts quite reasonably believe that, working on the upper floors of business centers, people endanger themselves. Indeed, in addition to the fact that they live in a zone of low pressure, they also spend almost a third of the day in places with rarefied air.
If we add to this fact violations of the ventilation system of the building and the constant operation of air conditioners, it becomes obvious that the employees of such offices are the most inactive, sleepy and sick.
