Sometimes some of us have heard of such a nationality as the Avar. What kind of nation are Avars?
This is the indigenous population of the Caucasus living in eastern Georgia. To date, this nation has grown so much that it is the largest in numbers in Dagestan.
Origin
The origin of the Avars is still very vague. According to the Georgian chronicles, their family originates from Hozonikh, a descendant of the progenitor of the Dagestan people. By his name in the past was called the Avar Khanate - Hunzakh.
There is an opinion that in reality the Avars descended from the Caspians, Legs and Gels, but it is not supported by any evidence, including the people themselves who do not rank themselves among any of the above tribes. Research is currently underway to find a connection between the Avars and the Avars who founded the Kanagat, however, while these attempts do not bring the proper result. But thanks to genetic analyzes (only the maternal line), we can say that this nationality (Avar) is closest to the Slavs than to other peoples of Georgia.
Other versions of the origin of the Avars also do not clarify, but only confuse because of the existence of two different tribes with almost the same name. The only thing historians mention is the likelihood that the name of the given nation was given by the Kumyks, to whom they caused a lot of anxiety. The word "Avar" is translated from Turkic as "disturbing" or "warlike", in some legends mythical creatures endowed with such a name, gifted with superhuman strength.
Those whose nationality is Avarians often call themselves what they themselves consider appropriate: the Maarulaly, the Highlanders, and even the “sovereign”.
History of the people
Land occupied by the Avars in the period from V to VI centuries. BC e., received the name Sarir. This kingdom extended to the north and bordered on settlements of Alans and Khazars. Despite all the circumstances that play in Sarir’s favor, he became a major political state only in the 10th century.
Although this was the period of the early Middle Ages, the country's society and culture were at a very high level, various crafts and cattle breeding flourished here. The capital of Sarir was the city of Humraj. Especially distinguished by the successful rule of the king was called Avar. The history of the Avars mentions him as an extremely brave master, and some scholars even believe that the name of the people came from his name.
Two centuries later, the Avar Khanate arose on the site of Sarir - one of the most powerful settlements, and independent "free communities" stood out among other lands. Representatives of the latter were distinguished by ferocity and a strong fighting spirit.
The period of the Khanate was a turbulent time: wars were constantly booming, the consequences of which were devastation and stagnation. However, in trouble, the people of Dagestan united, and its unity only grew stronger. An example of this was the Andalal battle, which did not stop day or night. However, the highlanders succeeded due to their knowledge of the area and various tricks. This people was so united that even women, driven by the desire to preserve their home, participated in hostilities. Thus, we can say that this nationality (Avar) really got the right name, well-deserved militancy of the inhabitants of the Khanate.
In the XVIII century, many khanates of the Caucasus and Dagestan became part of Russia. Those who did not want to live under the yoke of tsarist power organized an uprising that grew into the Caucasian War, which lasted as long as 30 years. Despite all the differences, in the second half of the next century, Dagestan became part of Russia.
Tongue
Avars developed their own language and written language even in the days of Caucasian Albania. Since this tribe was considered the strongest in the mountains, its dialect quickly spread to the adjacent lands, becoming dominant. Today, the language is native to more than 700 thousand people.
The dialects of Avar are very different and are divided into northern and southern groups, therefore, native speakers who speak different languages will hardly understand each other. However, the talk of the northerners is closer to the literary norm, and it is easier to grasp the essence of the conversation.
Writing
Despite the early penetration of Arabic script, the inhabitants of the accident began to use it only a couple of centuries ago. Before that, the alphabet based on the Cyrillic alphabet, but at the beginning of the XIX century, was in use. it was decided to replace it with the Latin alphabet.
Today, the official language is writing, graphically similar to the Russian alphabet, but containing 46 characters instead of 33.
Customs Avars
The culture of this people is quite specific. For example, when communicating between people, a distance must be observed: men are forbidden to approach women closer than two meters, while the latter must observe a distance half as much. The same rule applies to young people talking to the elderly.
Avars, like other peoples of Dagestan, have been instilled in childhood with respect for elders, not only by age, but also by social status. The one who is “more important” always goes to the right, and the husband is in front of his wife.
Customs Avar hospitality break all records of goodwill. By tradition, the visitor rises above the owner, regardless of his rank and age, and can come at any time of the day without notifying him in advance. The owner of the house takes full responsibility for the health and safety of arrivals. But the guest is obliged to observe some etiquette rules, which prohibit performing a series of actions that are not accepted in local society.
In family relationships, the power of the head of the house was not oppressive, a woman had a leading role in solving many issues, but there was some forced alienation between husband and wife. For example, according to the rules, they should not sleep in bed together or live in the same room if there are several rooms in the house.
There was also a ban on communication between girls and boys, so the Avar (what kind of nation, it was told earlier) visited the house of the chosen one to leave in him a thing that is regarded as an offer of marriage.
