The main purpose of the pattern is to decorate the thing on which this element is applied. There is little information about the origin of the art of ornamentalism, since its use began many centuries before our era. Ornaments of different peoples of the world differ in the individual perception of objects and the environment. Different ethnic groups have the same symbols in different ways.
Varieties and motives
Decoration is one of the first types of fine art. But, despite the long history, it is an excellent decoration of many modern things.
Ornaments of the peoples of the world are divided into four main groups. It:
- built on the geometry of figures;
- phytomorphic type, which consist of images of plants;
- miade type - look like a hollow broken line;
- combined or plot pattern.
Ornaments of the peoples of the world include the following motives:
- the intersection of lines in horizontal and vertical order, called tartan;
- combination of identical circles in the form of a four- or trefoil;
- ornament in the form of a drop-shaped curl - it is called paisley or Turkish cucumber;
- the image of a beautiful magnificent flower is reflected in Damascus;
- a curved continuous line forming the border of most patterns is called a meander.
Belarusian ornament - features and originality
The original meaning of the Belarusian ornament was ritualism. Among the main features of ancient patterns are:
- decorative stylization;
- communication with the objects on which the decoration is applied;
- a large number of broken lines and geometric shapes;
- constructiveness;
- manifold.
Many geometrical figures are explained by the personification of the forces of nature and the environment that guarded man. Ornaments of the peoples of the world, although they differ from each other, are used for the same purposes: decorating clothes, household items, dwellings, tools. The number of repetitions of points, triangles, rhombuses explain the structure of society. The number three is the Divine Trinity or heaven, earth and the underworld, four are the seasons, five is sacred, etc.
The Belarusian ornament contains a large number of crosses that symbolize the image of the sun, fire and justice.
Symbols of fertility were depicted on tools, the image of the Mother of God in the form of a seed or sprouts signified a good harvest and wealth.
Most rites used towels with ornaments. They were made by combining a white-gray pattern and various geometric motifs. Of great importance is the color of the pattern: white is a symbol of purity and light, red is wealth and energy, black is the speed of the course of human life.
Egypt. Ornament - specificity and uniqueness
The early forms of Egyptian art include geometric ornamentation. It shows various objects of the environment in the form of intersection of lines and abstraction.
Key motives include:
- plant patterns;
- animalistic images;
- Religious topics
- symbolism.
The main designation is the lotus flower, which represents the divine power of nature, moral purity, chastity, health, revitalization and the sun.
To describe the life of the other world, an aloe vera pattern was used. Many plants, such as blackthorn, acacia, coconut, mulberry tree, were the basis for the image in the ornamental art of Egypt.
Among the geometric lines should be highlighted:
- direct;
- broken lines;
- wave-like;
- mesh;
- point.
The main characteristics of the ornament in Egyptian culture are restraint, rigor and sophistication.
World Patterns: Norway, Persia, Ancient Greece
The Norwegian pattern fully describes the climatic conditions of the country. A large number of snowflakes, drops, deer is used for applying to warm clothes. The geometry of the lines creates amazing patterns that are unique to this nation.
Persian rugs with amazing patterns are known throughout the world. In Ancient Persia, this was the most expensive family value. Cloths were inherited through generations and tremulously stored. Ornamentalism is characterized by the predominance of blue and green colors, the image of a variety of birds, animals, including fictional ones, with stripes in the form of a rhomboid fish, pear in the form of a drop.
The basis for the formation of a culture of ornamental studies in ancient Greece was the meander. The endless repetition of patterns symbolizes the eternity and infinity of human life. Ancient Greek plating is characterized by a wide image of plots and diversity. The characteristic features of this culture is the decoration with ornaments with wave-like and broken lines of vases and utensils.
Variety of indian patterns
The ornament of India is characterized by geometric and spiral forms, it is expressed in the form of a spiral, zigzag, rhombus, triangle. From animalistic muzzles of cats and birds are used.
Many ornaments in India are applied to the body using henna. This is a special procedure; it means spiritual purification. Each tattoo carries a certain meaning.
An ordinary triangle symbolizes male activity, an inverted one symbolizes female mercy. The meaning of divinity and hope is in the star.
For the image of protection, reliability and stability use a square or octahedron.
Popular ornaments are composed of flowers, fruits and plants, they mean joy, happiness, hope, wealth and health.
