In 1948, the Soviet gunsmith NF Makarov developed the design of the pistol, which today is known to everyone as the PM. From 1951 to the present day, this model of the pistol has been used by employees of the Russian armed forces and law enforcement agencies as a personal weapon for defense and attack.
The main purpose of the PM - defeat the enemy at a short distance. The reliability of this weapon is ensured by the smooth operation of all elements of its automation. The article contains information on what basic parts a Makarov pistol consists of.
Beginning of work
In 1947, the senior command of the Soviet army needed a new compact pistol. TT and gun revolvers by that time already outdated. It was necessary to create a new weapon - a "peacetime" pistol. In 1948, a competition was held at which Soviet weapons designers presented their achievements.
Winner
According to the terms of the contest, the weapon must be equipped with a free shutter and self-cocking trigger mechanism. The proven German Walther PP was taken as the basis. It was planned to create two samples of the pistol using ammunition calibers 7, 65 and 9 mm. After testing the cartridges, gunsmiths noted that compared to 7, 65, 9 mm is more powerful. It was decided to focus on this caliber. The end result of such work was the Makarov pistol. TTX and the main parts of this weapon allow it to be used effectively during close combat.
How does automation work?
Makarov pistol is a self-loading weapon. In use, the PM is simple, and the automation of the gun allows the owner to keep the weapon always ready for action. The process of automatic reloading is carried out by such main parts of the Makarov pistol as a bolt and a trigger mechanism. For this, the recoil principle of a bolt not coupled to the barrel is used. During the shot, the barrel channel is locked due to the large mass of the shutter and the force of the return spring. To shoot, you do not need to cock the trigger first. Just pull the trigger.
The main parts and mechanisms of the Makarov pistol
The weapon is equipped with the following elements:
- The receiver frame and the trigger guard.
- Shutter containing firing pin, ejector and fuse.
- Return spring.
- Trigger mechanism.
- Handle.
- Shutter lag.
- Pistol shop.
These components are the 7 main parts of the Makarov pistol.
Functions
The main parts of the Makarov pistol perform the following tasks:
- The barrel directs the flight of the bullet. The trigger guard prevents the trigger from being pulled accidentally.
- The bolt feeds the ammunition from the magazine to the chamber, locks the barrel during firing, holds the sleeve with the ejector in the bolt cup and sets the trigger on the cocking unit. With the help of a striker, an ammunition capsule is broken. Fuse ensures the safety of the shooter during operation of the gun.
- The return spring after firing sets the shutter in its original position.
- The trigger is equipped with a trigger, a sear with a spring, a trigger, a cocking lever with a trigger rod, a combat spring and a bolt to it. These main parts of the Makarov pistol provide fast shooting. You can shoot immediately after pulling the trigger. Pre-cocking for this is no longer necessary.
- Shutter latch allows you to keep the shutter in the rear position with the magazine empty.
- The handle with a screw provides a comfortable hold by the shooter of the Makarov pistol.
- The pistol magazine serves for the location of eight ammunition.
Shop PM
This element has four elements:
- The case of the store, which is used to connect all its parts.
- Feeder, which is the supply of ammunition in the chamber.
- Spring pushing feeder with cartridges up.
- Magazine cover designed to close the case.
The photo below shows the main parts of the Makarov pistol.
How is security ensured?
The left side of the shutter is equipped with a special fuse. With the help of automation and the mainspring, the trigger is set on the safety cock during descent. It is influenced by the bent (bump) end of the spring feather: it turns the trigger at a slight angle from the shutter. Thus, the spring performs the function of "release" the trigger. The whisper with his nose is located in front of the cocking cock. When the trigger is released, the feather of the mainspring acts on the trigger rod, and the cocking lever and the sear drop to the lower position. Thus, whispering, snuggling to the trigger, sets it on the safety platoon.
How does a shot happen?
The process is carried out in several stages:
- The beginning of the work of mechanics is carried out by pressing the trigger.
- The trigger interacts with the hammer, as a result of which the hammer breaks the cartridge capsule.
- Ignition of a powder charge. The resulting powder gases eject a bullet from the barrel channel.
- Powder gases through the bottom of the sleeve act on the shutter, which, retreating, compresses the return spring. With the help of the ejector, the shutter holds the sleeve. Having reached the reflector, it is extracted through the shutter window.
- The bolt in the extreme position deploys the trigger mounted on the trunnion until it is in the combat cock.
- In the most extreme position, a return spring acts on the shutter, which pushes it back forward.
- Moving forward, the bolt with the help of the rammer directs the next ammunition from the pistol magazine into the chamber.
- The “released” from the cartridge gate locks the barrel channel. After that, the weapon is ready to fire again.
Shots from a Makarov pistol are fired until all the cartridges in the store are used up. After that, the shutter becomes a shutter lag in the rear position.
