Pelshe Arvid Yanovich - Soviet and Latvian communist, member of the highest party bodies. In his youth, he was a member of both revolutions of 1917, and then an employee of the Cheka. Pelshe was a well-known party and statesman of the USSR. Today we’ll talk a little about his biography. Not much is known about his life, so it is of interest.
Youth
Pelshe was born Arvid Yanovich in a peasant family. She lived in a small farm called Mazie. The matter was the Courland province of the then Russian Empire, and now Latvia, in 1899. His father was called Johan, his mother was Lisa. The boy was baptized in a village church in March of that year. The young man left for Riga early. There he graduated from polytechnic courses, and then went to work. In 1915, he joined the Social Democratic circle, and soon joined the Bolshevik party. In 1916 he met Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin) in Switzerland. During the First World War, he was a worker in various cities of the Russian Empire - in Petrograd, Arkhangelsk, Vitebsk, Kharkov. We can say that then he received his first party ticket. A young man with a good language was able to convince others. Therefore, he at the same time carried out party tasks in the field of agitation and propaganda. In February 1917, he took part in the events, became a delegate to the Sixth Congress of the RSDLP. Pelsche actively prepared the October Revolution and took part in the coup itself.
Soviet authority
In 1918, Pelshe Arvid Yanovich became an employee of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission. In this regard, Lenin sent him to Latvia with the aim of organizing red terror. He also worked in the local People's Commissar for Construction and took part in battles. But after the defeat of the Latvian Communists, Pelshe fled back to Russia. Until 1929, he lectured and taught in the Red Army. In those same years, this party leader took up his own education. In 1931, Arvid Yanovich graduated from the Institute of Red Professors in Moscow with a master's degree in historical sciences. But his area of interest was rather specific. It was about the history of the party, which he taught at a special institute at the Central School of the NKVD. Since 1933 he was sent to campaign for the formation of state farms in Kazakhstan, and then he became deputy head of the political department of the People's Commissariat of Soviet farms of the USSR.
Pelshe Arvid Janovich: biography and activities in the Latvian SSR
In 1940, this party leader briefly returned to his homeland. After all, it was then that Latvia became part of the USSR. There he became the secretary of the highest party bodies in the field of propaganda and agitation - that is, in the matter that he always did well. But in 1941 Pelshe again fled to Moscow, where he spent the hard times with other Latvian communists. He returned to his native places only in 1959 as the leader of the party "purge", struggling with the "nationalist elements." Then he took the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Latvia, replacing Janis Kalnberzin, who previously held this position. He quickly became famous due to the fact that he carried out any order of the Kremlin. The Latvians Pelshe was terribly unpopular, especially after he led the forced industrialization of the republic.
Member of the Central Committee
Arvid Yanovich Pelshe remained “afloat” under any authority in the USSR. In 1961, under Khrushchev, he even became a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, and since 1966, the Politburo. In 1962, when they condemned the "Molotov-Kaganovich group", he immediately joined the majority and called those criticized "bankrupt apostates" who should be "thrown out like garbage from a party house." In 1966, when the memoirs of Khrushchev were published in the United States, he called him to give explanations. Until 1967, he led the so-called “Pelsche Commission”, which investigated the death of Kirov. Pelsche remained a member of the Politburo until his death in 1983. In those days, he was one of the few representatives of non-Slavic nationalities in the highest party organs of the Soviet Union. In 1979, he, along with other comrades, endorsed the decision of the Politburo on the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan. Pelsche is also called the leader of the “Soviet Inquisition, ” that is, the Party Control Committee. The committee checked discipline in the organization. The famous phrase “put a party ticket on the table”, which scared many naughty people, refers specifically to its activities. On the other hand, it was this committee that put forward proposals for the rehabilitation of previously repressed communists.
last years of life
During his lifetime, Pelshe received many awards, and the Riga Polytechnic Institute was named after him. He was married three times. Interestingly, the second wife of Pelshe was the sister of the wife of Mikhail Suslov. From his first marriage, he had two children. The daughter's name was Beruta, and she died early. There was also a son Arvik, who died during the war. The son from his second marriage, Tai, is still alive, but practically did not maintain ties with his father after the death of his mother. The third wife of Pelshe was the ex-wife of Alexander Poskrebyshev, personal secretary of Joseph Stalin. This party leader died in Moscow, and the urn with his ashes was buried in the Kremlin wall.
