Proverbs and sayings are an integral part of the culture of any nation. Some people use proverbs and sayings without hesitation. So organically they fit into the sounding speech. A huge number of these capacious, accurate, concise statements are known. Special collections have been published where, for convenience, all works of a small genre are divided into thematic groups.
Proverbs and sayings for children
Of the huge variety of sayings and proverbs used today in speech, we can distinguish a special group. These are proverbs and sayings for children. But such a name does not mean at all that the proverbs were invented specifically for the younger generation.
Just among the existing proverbs and sayings there are those whose meaning is understandable already at a young age. It is they that are used when communicating with a child. They are included in the textbooks of literature and the Russian language. To study proverbs and sayings, special time is given in the school curriculum.
It is known that this genre of fiction is capable of developing curiosity, observation, mental operations in a child, he teaches to find relationships in the phenomena of the world.
Why proverbs and sayings are used
This literary genre has folk roots. Accurate turns of speech have been living in the language for centuries, undergoing only minor changes. They conveyed worldly wisdom accumulated by peoples over the millennia of their existence.
A proverb and proverb is able to praise a person, indicating his dignity. Using a well-defined expression, you can reproach for something, point out the negative aspects of character. At the same time, the teacher does not have to resort to moralizing - all this is prohibitively done by a proverb. It is only necessary to competently and in place use it in a conversation. Proverbs and sayings enliven the language, making it apt, imaginative, lively.
Classification
As mentioned above, all proverbs and sayings can be divided into certain thematic groups. This is done solely for the convenience of using the collections in which they are published.
First of all, it should be noted that every nation has proverbs, so it is quite appropriate to divide them into groups, given the country of birth. For example, Russian, French, English, Kazakh, Ukrainian and proverbs of other nations.
Folklore works can be divided according to the presence of a certain word in them. For example, proverbs with the word “dog” or “birch” or “bear”. The list can be extended indefinitely.
Thematic groups are also the most diverse. For example, about mom, nature, the sun, good. Proverbs about dogs, cats and other domestic animals are most common. And this is understandable. Indeed, thanks to the domestication of animals, man was fed, shod and dressed, had a shelter over his head. And the habits of pets are very well studied by people, and they are reflected in proverbs, sayings, folk signs, tales and other genres of folk art.
Proverbs about dogs
A dog is an animal that was one of the first to be tamed by humans. She is considered the most devoted and intelligent animal among pets. Therefore, it is not surprising that proverbs about dogs are most often found in the collection of apt figurative expressions.
Reading such proverbs, one can understand how a person’s way of life was formed, what rules and habits were developed over many centuries among different peoples. Developing the habit of explaining the meaning of figurative statements, it is important to understand that in this case, actual knowledge about different aspects of a person’s life will be very useful.
For instance:
- "The dog barks from the fence to which it is attached."
- "Spoiled dog becomes a puppy."
- "Climbing into the wolves, and the tail of the dog."
The last statement reveals the essence of a person who strives to appear before people not as he really is. This character trait has always been condemned by the people. A proverb released to a person could indicate his place to him.
Proverbs with the word dog
When selecting proverbs in a certain section, the condition is usually fulfilled under which each group must contain the same word. Moreover, the main meaning of the proverbs, their theme and interpretation may not coincide at all.
The above example of the classification of proverbs can be considered in more detail by taking the word "dog" for this.
- "Two dogs fight, the third don't pester." The proverb gives advice not to go into other people's affairs. Participating in solving other people's problems when they don’t ask about it can put a person in an absurd, funny or even deplorable position.
- "The dog lies in the manger, doesn’t eat and doesn’t give to others." The meaning of this proverb is known in many countries, although the expression is not the same among different peoples. Saying has a reprehensible meaning. This is what they say about a person who himself does not enjoy certain benefits, but also does not allow others to do this.
- "An old dog is not an old man to call." A proverb can be used when they require respect for an elderly person, but do not take into account his dignity. Unfortunately, not every old person deserves honors.
- "No matter how the dog twists, the tail is behind." The meaning of the proverb is that the essence of man will ultimately be understood by the people around him. Therefore, it is not necessary to try to deceive people, hiding their shortcomings, it is best to get rid of them.
Man and dog
It is known that a dog was tamed by man many millennia ago. She performed important functions in the daily life of people. The dog guarded the dwelling, was a hunting assistant, and grazed cattle with a man. Numerous proverbs about a person and a dog speak about the everyday presence of a dog near people.
- "Owner and dog honor."
- "The dog barks - the owner gives the message."
- "The dog at the gate - less worries."
- "Go hunting - feed the dogs." This proverb is used with vexation towards people who have not thoroughly prepared for any event. Important matters were left at the last moment and there is no time to complete them.
About dog loyalty to man
There are many legends about the relationship between a dog and a person over the centuries-old experience of their communication and friendship. Widely known are proverbs about dog loyalty. Here are just a few of them:
- "The dog remembers who feeds it."
- "In a foreign land, and the dog yearns."
- "The dog remembers the good old."
- "Not every dog bites that barks." The meaning of the statement is that the danger does not always come from someone who has a threatening appearance. A person needs to learn to distinguish between real danger and imaginary. A similar meaning is contained in the following proverb: "Do not be afraid of the dog that barks, but be afraid of the one that is silent, but its tail wags.
From the foregoing it follows that all proverbs and sayings except the direct meaning have a figurative meaning. Therefore, the proverbs presented in the article can be explained in different ways.
Dog and cat
These two animals are very often opposed to each other in the works of folk art - their habits, character, and attitude to man are so dissimilar. The features of these animals could not be not reflected in the proverbs and sayings.
Proverbs about cats and dogs are most often ironic.
- "Friendly as a cat with a dog."
- "The cat broke the pot, and the dog was beaten."
- "There is no yard without a dog; there is no house without a cat."
- "A dog sees the world with its nose, and a cat with its ears."
- "The dog will not forget the owner, the cat is the house."
- "Ermoshka is rich - there is a dog and a cat."
