Academician Tupolev's embankment stretched almost a kilometer and a half along the banks of one of the Moscow rivers - Yauza. The embankment is located in the Basmanny district of the Central Administrative District of the capital. The beginning is considered from the Syromyatnicheskaya embankment, ends with the Lefortovskaya embankment.
What is remarkable for these one and a half kilometers along the river bank?
Place history
In order not to get confused, one must understand that the embankment did not always bear the name of the famous aircraft builder Academician Tupolev.
In the current Elizabethan Lane until the beginning of the XX century. a small but restless tributary of the Yauza, the Chechera River, flowed. In many places, the river was blocked by numerous dams, which were voluntarily installed by the townspeople. Therefore, during the high water, the water from Chechery spilled and flooded not only warehouses, residential buildings, roads, but also the complex railway facilities of three Moscow railway stations located nearby.
At the beginning of the XX century. the city authorities carried out a large project: small ponds were filled up, and Checher was enclosed in an underground sewer pipe. In 1910, on the site of the river bed, Chechersky and Elizavetinsky lanes appeared. Then it was planned to ennoble part of the river and arrange the embankment. This passage along the river bank was to be halved by Saltykovskaya street, therefore it was supposed to name the embankments Saltykovskaya and Razumovskaya - in honor of Count Razumovsky, who once owned all these lands. The riverbed was not lined with stone.
Since 1936, the water industry in Moscow has changed: the ponds remaining in the area are filled up, the winding river bed Yauza is straightened and cleared, the Zolotorozhy Bridge is demolished, and an artificial island with a dam and a lock is built instead.
The embankment is covered with asphalt.
Who is Tupolev
Aircraft designer Andrei Nikolaevich Tupolev is known to everyone in our country. After all, it was he who invented more than 100 types of aircraft of various purposes and design. The most famous are TU-brand aircraft, which transported passengers and cargo to the USSR. On the ANT aircraft created by Tupolev, domestic pilots conquered the North Pole and made transcontinental non-stop flights. About 80 world-class records were set on Tupolev's planes. He created supersonic aviation.
Remember not only Moscow Academician Tupolev: the name of the winner of numerous awards, state awards are streets in 20 cities around the world.
Modernity of Tupolev Embankment
In September 1973, the embankment Academician Tupolev appeared in the capital of Russia. The place was not chosen by chance.
It was here, on the banks of the Yauza River, in 1918 that the aircraft construction design bureau and a factory were opened, on which prototypes were created. The association was called TsAGI, A.N. Tupolev headed it for many years.
Now the academician Tupolev embankment is built up with modern high-rises. The residential complex "Cascade" was built on the site of the factory buildings. But the two buildings of Tupolev OJSC have been preserved; the work of the famous aircraft builder is still continuing here.
Interesting buildings
The only historical monument on the embankment of Academician Tupolev is the gateway.
G. Goltz, a famous architect of the neoclassical style, and N. Conversation were engaged in its architectural design.
Syromyatnichesky (or, as it is also called, Yauzsky) hydroelectric facility No. 4 was erected simultaneously with bridges in the central part of the capital during 1937-1939. in order to enter the Water Ring of Moscow. After the reconstruction of the system of Moscow water arteries, the gateway was to become part of the main face of the capital from the waterways.
That is why the decorative elements of the Yauz lock were extremely important.
An island was created for the waterworks in the Yauza riverbed, the adjacent territories were allotted for the buildings - all of them together created an original architectural ensemble.
The architect G.P. Goltz tried to take into account all the factors:
- bending of the river channel, creating a certain angle of view on the structure;
- facing arrows of the island;
- proximity of river banks.
The lock complex includes 3 buildings that are interconnected by light metal bridges, a spillway dam and a navigable lock. The lock was built for chamber vessels single-chamber, small, the level of water rise is 4 m, the chamber is filled in 5 minutes. With the help of a lock, the water level in the river was regulated, preventing flooding.
The building on the island is decorated with an antique portico of the Greek order, which housed sculptures made by N. Wentzel, I. Rabinovich, O. Klinice, N. Shilnikov. The niches of the facades facing the river are decorated with frescoes by the artist M. Olenev. The transformer station on the right bank is also made in the Greek style and looks like a temple, the platform in front of it is decorated with a fountain.
So buildings with an exclusively utilitarian purpose turned into a real decoration of the academician Tupolev embankment.
In 2005-2006 made repairs to the Syromyatnichesky waterworks, the dam mechanism, which had not worked since the 60s, was restored. But visitors do not have access to this interesting hydraulic engineering facility, as there is no passage to the Tupolevsky and Razumovsky berths, which are used for the technical fleet.
However, the academician Tupolev embankment is a great place for Sunday walks with the whole family, cycling and rollerblading.
