Russia is the largest state in the world in terms of territory. It is famous for its rich natural resources, the diversity of flora and fauna, scientific achievements. A country with such opportunities and needs just needs clear control and a well-designed economic policy that will fully ensure financial security and efficiency, as well as create the conditions for freedom and growth of this industry. The economy in Russia resembles the industrial-agrarian type with elements inherent in the post-industry.
According to some indicators, Russia belongs to developing countries, characterized by a low level of socio-economic development, which, as a rule, is most often referred to as the Third World. Most countries of the world, with the exception of the most developed ones, can be included in this list. At the same time, the share of the service sector in Russia's gross domestic product significantly exceeds 50%, which is typical for developed countries. Although, characterizing the indicator of GDP per unit of population, Russia lags significantly behind European countries. First of all, this happens for the reason that our power is characterized precisely by the distributing economy, as the main model of this sphere of life.
This combination of different features is characteristic of the Russian Federation, and gives the right to call its economy transitional. Theoretically, in the world there are only two main types of economy: market and distribution. A market economy is based on the exchange of goods and services. A market economy guarantees consumer freedom, which is expressed in freedom of choice in a large market for both goods and services.
Free enterprise also characterizes a market economy and lies in the fact that each unit of society can independently dispose of its resources and organize the production process. Private property, in turn, is the basis of a market economy. Handout economy is the least common term than a market economy. The essence of the distributing economy is service, namely, a person serves the state, society, and for this is rewarded with benefits. Therefore, good is a material reward for service.
Handout economy operates on the principles of "hand-out". This is what qualitatively distinguishes it from a market economy, which, in turn, is based on the “sale and purchase” mechanism. A self-regulating transfer economy was formed in the course of natural historical evolution. It is also based on the principle of self-organization, however, the rules of conduct are significantly different from market ones.
Throughout history, the philosophy of the Russian economy was determined by such actions as giving, tribute, distribution. The basis of all these words is the verb "give." Rules and norms of distribution were formed throughout the history of the origin and existence of the system. First, the distributions were in the form of salaries to the squad from the prince. Such salaries could include food, weapons, clothes, etc. Then the centerpiece, which “fell under the distribution, ” was the native land. Each prince settled in a separate region, collecting all his retinue. Then the first principles of land distribution began to take shape: either from father to son or depending on the pedigree rank.
In Soviet times, distributions were expressed in the form of cash salaries. For every Soviet citizen relied on monetary allowance, which was consistent with social status and position. Thus, the historically developed earlier principle of distributions - "to each rank" - has not lost its universal character. It is this principle that most accurately characterizes the philosophy of the dispensing system.
At the same time, when the development and rules of distribution were formed, the principles of surrender appeared. The basis of the change is replenishment of the state treasury. The basis of the domestic treasury was constituted by such elements as the account of tribute, tribute, dues. Everyone invested in the country's budget a share of what they produced. The principles of change have been preserved to this day. Only now the treasury is the state budget, and tribute is the tax.
