A method of moving underground at great depths was originally designed in St. Petersburg, so that it was possible to use these buildings as bomb shelters in case of war. As expected, this measure was justified during the Great Patriotic War.
The deepest metro station was in St. Petersburg for a reason. This is the role of not only certain strategic calculations, but also the complex geological conditions in which the tunneling and construction of the stations themselves took place.
There is a station in this subway, located very deeply - “Admiralteyskaya”. Nowhere in the world have such sophisticated technologies been used, as in its construction.
The deepest metro station in St. Petersburg opened in December 2011.
The history of the construction of the St. Petersburg metro
The history of the construction of this facility is quite tragic.
The prerequisites for the construction of the subway in the capital of the Russian Empire, which at that time was St. Petersburg, were back in the late 19th century. At that time, projects were created, but by Nicholas II in 1903 they were rejected.
Those projects had a peculiarity - all of them were mostly flyovers. And the construction of tunnels was hampered due to the lack of financial and technical resources in difficult geological conditions (the groundwater level is high).
Later, in connection with social disasters, the construction of the subway in St. Petersburg was forgotten for several decades. They remembered this in 1938, at a time when the already strengthened Soviet Union had the strength to implement this serious plan.
In 1941, by spring, metrostroyers had already built 34 mine shafts. However, even here the outbreak of the war turned out to be an obstacle and did not allow the construction to continue. As a result, all the constructed trunks and tunnels were under water (they were flooded with groundwater). Restore all this began only in 1946. Much time has passed since the deepest station appeared in the metro of St. Petersburg.
First stations
The very first long-awaited line of the Leningrad famous metro was put into operation after a long construction in November 1955. It at that time consisted of only seven stations:
- "Narva";
- "Rebellion Square";
- Kirovsky Zavod;
- Avtovo
- "Institute of Technology";
- “Baltic”;
- Vladimirskaya
Metro of St. Petersburg: metro scheme, characteristic
Like the Russian railways, the St. Petersburg metro has the same gauge of 1520 mm. In the subway there are 6 interchange nodes connecting two stations each, and one node that combines three stations. In total there are 856 turnstiles and escalators in the metro - 251 and 72 vestibules.
The composition includes 1534 wagons. 3106 trains pass on all metro lines per day. The speed of trains is 50 km / h. Maximum - 90 km / h. The interval between trains is 2 minutes, and during peak periods - 1 minute.
Today, one of the largest in the world includes the famous metro of St. Petersburg (the metro scheme is presented below).
Curious about the St. Petersburg metro
Petersburg is one of the deepest in the world. Most of its stations are located at a depth of more than 30 m.
The metro until 1982 occupied the first position as the most northern in the world. Now the northernmost metro is in the city of Helsinki.
The deepest metro station in St. Petersburg and in the Russian Federation is Admiralteyskaya. And in the world the deepest is Arsenalnaya (in Kiev).
The busiest station in Russia is Veteran Avenue.
Line Kirovsk-Vyborg (or "red") - has trains with 8 cars. On the remaining lines, trains of 6 cars.
The level of metro congestion is slightly inferior to Moscow and Tokyo and takes 12th place.
