From the phrase "World Ocean" there is a slight thrill in the soul. It seems something large-scale and powerful, with beautiful colors, outlandish inhabitants and a gloomy bottom that is fraught with danger. And there is! A person living on land seldom thinks that every second somewhere under water is boiling or such a mysterious life goes on calmly.
World Ocean
It is known that our planet for the most part consists of water. Images from space, where blue predominates, confirm this. At the same time, it is still called the Earth, and not some “Lead” or “Oceania”. Do not forget that there is moisture in the earth itself.
Three quarters of the planet’s surface is water - the oceans. It is believed that it is single and simply divided by the continents into different oceans. Therefore, when you hear about the Pacific, Arctic or other ocean, you should know that we are talking only about a part of the World Ocean.
The ocean is divided into four main parts: Pacific, Indian, Atlantic and Arctic. Each of them includes the seas, bays and straits.
Already in the XV century, man strove to study the oceans, sailors went on expeditions to study the boundaries of water spaces. Of course, at that time only surface data was collected. The depths began to reveal their secrets much later, and today they are not fully understood. Inhabitants of the ocean often become the heroes of feature and scientific films, which everyone enjoys watching.
Living organisms
Thanks to researchers, sailors and operators of the deep sea, we know that life in the aquatic environment of the ocean also exists. They can hardly know and convey all the diversity of underwater life, the beauty of the ocean floor and the power of water.
The flora and fauna of the ocean refers to living organisms inhabiting its space. Scientists derive classifications of the species, subspecies, and classes that make up these worlds.
The inhabitants of the ocean: animals, fish, mollusks, crustaceans, plants and many others - live their own lives without looking back at humanity and progress. The underwater life of the oceans is beautiful and unique, it leaves a lot of mysteries to man.
Pacific Ocean
It is considered the warmest, largest and deepest. In the Pacific or Great Ocean, more than half of all living organisms of the World Ocean are located. Animals of the Pacific Ocean fascinate with their size, shape, color.
In its depths mammals sperm whales, whales, as well as fur seals, dugans, crayfish, giant squids and many other representatives of marine fauna are found. A shark - an animal of the ocean, terrifying people, is very common here. Several species of these fish live in the ocean: blue, mako, fox, whale and other species. It is noteworthy that in the Pacific Ocean, its seas, unique species of sharks are found, representatives of which are no longer in other waters.
The abundance and diversity of the animal kingdom of any ocean is influenced by many factors: phytoplankton, course, water temperature and environmental pollution. A large Pacific trash spot is a consequence of a person’s careless attitude to nature, it causes enormous damage to flora and fauna.
In settlements on the banks, fishing is booming. Most of the world's catch that falls on the table to the inhabitants of planet Earth is obtained from the Pacific Ocean.
Many animals of the Pacific Ocean are found in the Atlantic and Indian. But there are rare and unique representatives living only here.
Indian Ocean
Its flora and fauna are extremely diverse. The third largest and deepest ocean is rich in unusual organisms that glow at night: certain types of jellyfish, peridinia, shellfish.
The Indian Ocean under the surface of the water hides a variety of fish (coryphenes, tuna, sharks), reptiles (turtles, snakes), mammals (whales, sperm whales, dolphins, seals, elephants). There are many inhabitants above the surface of the ocean: albatrosses, frigates, penguins.
A very beautiful and large animal of the ocean is the sea devil (or Manta). This is an amazing animal weighing more than two tons. It is noteworthy that the sea devil is an absolutely harmless creature. More recently, people considered him a bloodthirsty killer, but, as it turned out, nature did not endow him with either deadly or defensive weapons. If a carnivorous shark is encountered on his way, he will surely say goodbye to life.
The food of this inhabitant of the water spaces is plankton, larvae and small fish. It filters water, leaving edible in the mouth. It is noteworthy that the brain of this representative of the fauna is much larger than that of stingrays or sharks. The sea devil is very curious and gladly coexists with divers.
Environmental problems have also affected the Indian Ocean, especially animals in the seas and oceans suffer from the oil film.
Arctic Ocean
It is the smallest of the four parts of the oceans. Due to severe weather conditions, its flora and fauna are not so diverse. Most of the surface of the water is covered with ice, it drifts, freezing to the shores.
It is worth noting that although the diversity of species of fauna is much lower, the animals of the Arctic Ocean are larger and live longer than their counterparts from other waters.
The inhabitants of the coldest ocean include: fish (150 species), birds (30 species), seals, penguins, walruses, belugas, whales.
Perhaps the most beautiful and dangerous animal in the ocean is the polar bear. This beautiful and powerful beast eats fish, seals, carcasses of dead whales and birds. All year round, a white bear cleverly swims underwater and climbs on ice floes in search of prey. The average life expectancy of a bear is 15-20 years, but many die small - up to five years.
The environmental problems of the Arctic Ocean are the most pressing issue, since in addition to pollution and the disappearance of some populations, we are talking about melting ice and global warming.
Atlantic Ocean
The second largest ocean includes almost all types of wildlife of the entire Pacific Ocean. This diversity is made possible by the climate. The fauna of the Atlantic Ocean is distributed zonally, the Atlantic is famous for its borders and the number of ocean deserts.
Flora and fauna are very diverse. The brightest animal of the ocean, perhaps, is flying fish. There are 16 species of flying fish. They "flutter" out of the water and lay eggs on any floating object.
