The classification of emergencies is compiled on the basis of many indicators (the number of injured people, material damage caused, the boundaries of the zone to which the damaging factors apply) and is as follows:
• Cross-border. These are situations that have occurred outside the borders of a state and affecting its territory. Any action aimed at eliminating a dangerous situation is possible only with the permission of the government and should not contradict accepted international law and existing treaties.
• Federal. Emergencies in which more than 500 people were injured or material damage was caused to over 5 million base units at the time of the accident. Liquidation is carried out by the executive branch of government.
• Regional. These are emergency situations in which the number of victims varies from 50 to 500, the minimum material damage is 0.5 million base units at the time of the incident. Liquidation is carried out by local executive authorities.
• Territorial. In this case, the number of victims - at least 50 people or material damage does not exceed 0.5 million base units at the time of the accident. Liquidation is carried out under the control of the local executive branch.
• Local. Emergencies in which 10 or less people were injured, or living conditions for more than 100 people were violated, or material damage did not exceed 5 thousand base units at the time of the incident. Liquidation is carried out by local authorities.
• Local. Emergencies in which 10 or less people were injured, or material damage amounted to less than 1 thousand base units at the time of the incident. These emergencies occupy the territory of an object of social or industrial significance.
The specified classification of emergency situations is generally accepted and is found in many sources. Depending on the cause, they can be man-made and environmental. The number of victims, the size of property damage, the degree of environmental pollution, and so on, largely depend on this.
Classification of technological emergencies:
1. Transport accidents.
2. Explosions and fires.
3. Accidents in which there is a danger of release of radioactive substances.
4. Unplanned collapse of buildings.
5. Incidents on electrical systems.
6. Accidents related to utility life support systems.
As a rule, in this case, the people themselves are guilty to one degree or another. In most cases, they become victims of their own negligence. At the same time, this cannot be said about emergencies of an environmental nature. Here, natural-anthropogenic and natural phenomena play a decisive role. As a result, there may be a threat to the health or life of people, destruction or destruction of material values may occur.
All natural disasters arise under the influence of forces of nature, processes that occur in the earth's crust. They are mostly studied, but many are still not predictable.
Classification of environmental emergencies:
1. Geological: earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, landslides, talus, avalanches, erosion.
2. Meteorological: squalls, tornadoes, whirlwinds, hail, rains, snowfalls, severe frost, drought, hurricanes, storms.
3. Hydrological: tsunamis, pressure of ice, icing of ships, tropical cyclones, floods, separation of coastal ice, floods, rain flows.
4. Natural and forest fires.
5. Diseases of a mass nature.
The classification of emergencies can be much wider. It depends on many factors. However, any of these incidents is dangerous to humans and should be avoided whenever possible.
