Globalization is not at all a process unfolding over the past hundred or two hundred years. It started back when representatives of various cultures first met in the ancient world. The campaigns of Alexander the Great, the expansion of Rome - all this was accompanied by the interpenetration of civilizations and the unification of cultures. Another thing is that the consequences of the globalization process have become quite obvious only in recent centuries. Indeed, this process, as such, unfolded only in modern times according to the European calendar.
Prerequisites
geographic discoveries, the development of capitalism in the Old World as the basis of commodity-money relations, respectively stimulating trade, travel and strengthening ties between different regions of the planet, and most importantly, the scientific and technological revolution, which made possible and significantly facilitated the interpenetration of different cultures, began to increase globalization. Not surprisingly, with the increasingly rapid development of technical capabilities, the effects of the globalization process have become increasingly apparent. The ships of trading companies were replaced by trains, trains gave way to planes, which made traveling around the globe easier and harder. In addition to purely transport opportunities, other means of communication appeared between representatives of different regions of the planet: printing, the press, radio, television, the Internet, and finally, as the culmination of modern processes of centralization of society, the economic system and political power, as well as the unification of culture.
Globalization almost in the first place determines the existence of the world as we know it today - with its international system of division of labor, mass migration, national communities in foreign countries and their successful / unsuccessful assimilation, standardization of political systems and legislation, and so on. The European Union, international sports, tourist resorts - all these are also consequences of the globalization process. The world is becoming more and more interconnected. At the same time, researchers note both positive and negative features of such an evolution.
The positive effects of the globalization process
Today it is customary to criticize her more (and in the case), however, we note first the positive aspects. We list three positive effects of the globalization process:
- exchange of best practices and scientific achievements between different cultures;
- stimulating the development of the world economy and the economy;
- as a result of the two previous paragraphs, an increase in the average living standard.
The negative effects of the globalization process
- As a result of it, uniform consumption standards are formed, then a certain lifestyle is imposed. In the realities of our world, this means literal Americanization.
- With the advent of transnational corporations, there are more and more obstacles to the domestic production of countries not from the advanced cohort.
- The economic interests of the most developed countries and companies dictate their conditions, ignoring the national and cultural characteristics of different countries.
- Specific civilizational features of different regions of the planet and their peoples are increasingly lost.
