The most famous Masons: list

Around the most closed society in the world there are enough myths and conjectures, but not all of them correspond to reality. It is believed, for example, that Masons almost completely regulate all international politics, although in fact the religious and political issues are not discussed in the fraternity. At the same time, many state and public men, cultural figures, and well-known personalities are members of the boxes.

Who are modern Masons

The secret organization of free masons arose on June 24, 1717 in England. Four societies, which at that time were in the capital of Great Britain, were named after the pubs in which the participants of the movement gathered: “Apple”, “Goose and Baking Pan”, “Crown”, “Grape Brush”. It was June 24, 1717 that they united into a single Great London Lodge. Masons consider their goals to improve themselves and the world around them, charity, but all over the world they are considered almost religious fanatics. But in fact, "free masons" avoid talking about religion and politics.

Freemasonry in general and individual representatives of the organization are not hiding. Any member of the Lodge can freely declare his membership in a secret fraternity, but disclosing who else is in the ranks of the movement is prohibited. It is believed that the "free masons" rule the world. The theory of the Masonic conspiracy is based on the fact that in many states the members of the organization are influential personalities, politicians and public figures. The validity of this assumption remains controversial because it has no documentary evidence.

Closed Society Representatives

Famous freemasons of the world - prominent writers, philosophers, architects, statesmen and public figures who influenced the course of world history. True, talking about the belonging of some figures to a secret society is possible only with a certain degree of probability, given the secrecy of such data. Among the most famous Masons are George Washington (the first US president joined the Friedrichsburg Box in 1752), Voltaire (French philosopher and writer dedicated to the Nine Sisters box, Paris), Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Austrian composer entered the box “ For good ”in 1784).

The list of representatives of the secret fraternity includes artists, philosophers and public figures, leaders of states. The power of Freemasonry lies in the fact that the organization includes people of various strata, positions, therefore Freemasonry has the ability to influence all sectors of life. Among the famous Freemasons mention such personalities:

1. Frederic Auguste Bartholdy, creator of the famous Statue of Liberty, one of the first members of Alsac-Lorren.
2. German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
3. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, English writer and physician, creator of the image of Sherlock Holmes and author of The History of Spiritism.
4. Sculptor and painter Gutson Borglum.
5. Joseph Brant, the first Indian Mason to make history.
6. Dr. Joseph Ignas Guillotin, doctor, member of the French government.
7. Brilliant civil engineer Gustave Eiffel
8. Scottish poet Robert Burns.
9. Austrian composer Franz Joseph Haydn.
10. Eduard Benes, President of Czechoslovakia (1935).
11. Head physician of the Russian corps in France, personal physician of the emperor Nikolai Romanov N. Arendt.
12. Giuseppe Garibaldi, “Italian George Washington, ” who was sentenced to death in his homeland and fled first to Latin America and then to the United States.
13. Simon Bolivar, the most influential of the leaders of the war for the independence of the colonies of Spain.
14. Alexander Griboedov, diplomat, author of the comedy "Woe from Wit."
15. A close friend of A. Pushkin, an official of the Foreign Ministry, Anton Delvig.
16. Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk), founder of modern Turkey, politician.
17. American illusionist Harry Houdini.
18. Well-known zoologist, author of many works on biology Alfred Brem.
19. Napoleon Bonaparte and his four brothers, including Joseph Bonaparte, King of Naples and Spain.
20. French sculptor Jean Antoine Houdon.
21. Joseph Rudyard Kipling, an English poet and writer who became the first Englishman to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

The great Austrian composer, author of more than six hundred works, joined the Masonic Order in Vienna in 1784. He was initiated into the second degree of the box, and soon became a master freemason. One of the famous legends says that Mozart in the opera The Magic Flute inadvertently told about the secrets of the Masons, for which he was killed. How true this is is unknown, but to this day, Masons treat this work of art with great attention. When the aria of the Master from Mozart's “Magic Flute” sounds in the Vienna Opera, dozens of listeners in the hall rise from their seats.

Giuseppe Garibaldi

One of the leaders of the national liberation movement in Italy and an active fighter for the independence of the republics of South America, already in his youth, was a member of an organization associated with Masons. In Brazil in 1844, he became a member of the Shelter of Valor box, then moved to Friends of the Fatherland in Uruguay. While in the US, he Giuseppe Garibaldi participated in the work of the Tompkins fraternity.

Joseph Rudyard Kipling

The English poet and writer was the first Englishman to receive the Alfred Nobel Prize for Literature, and two decades before that he had passed the initiation in the box “Hope and Perseverance” in India. For several years he was a secretary, reached the level of a master, and in the UK he became an influential member of the Copyright Box and one of the founders of The Builders of Silence Cities in France.

Johann Wolfgang Goethe

He was consecrated into Freemasonry in 1780, eight years later he received a master's degree. Goethe wrote many Masonic hymns and poems. One of the best examples of Masons literature is considered to be his novels about William Meister. Almost until his death, Goethe remained the "intellectual center of the box."

List of famous Russian freemasons

Russian Masonic society has always been associated with the Western, not being an independent organization. The active spread of the fraternity in Russia was promoted by Professor M. Kovalevsky. Under his leadership, in 1901, the Russian Higher School of Social Sciences opened in Paris under the supervision of the Cosmos lodge. The goal (except for educational) is to prepare future participants in the struggle for the “liberation of Russia” in exclusively Masonic traditions. Other famous Russian freemasons:

1. Alexander Suvorov, one of the first Russian Masons, who became a member of the secret brotherhood during the Seven Years War.
2. Nikolai Novikov, the publisher of the magazines “Purse”, “Truten” and “Painter”, in which he criticized the courtiers, landowners and judges, entered the box “Astrea” in St. Petersburg in 1775.
3. The commander Mikhail Kutuzov was initiated in the box "To the Three Keys" in Bavaria.
4. Alexander Radishchev, the grandson of the batman Peter the Great, the son of the richest landowner translated the works of radical French enlighteners for the Masonic lodge.
5. Aristocrat, philosopher and publicist Petr Chaadaev was admitted to the Freemasons in 1826, received the eighth degree of initiation from nine possible.
6. Statesman Mikhail Speransky, son of a parish priest from the Russian hinterland.
7. Alexander Pushkin, who was literally surrounded by Freemasons (many of his friends, father, uncles were listed in a secret box), but he was careless about membership in the fraternity, wrote poetry at meetings.
8. One of the leaders of the Decembrists, Pavel Pestel, received the fifth degree of enlightenment.
9. A secret diplomat who was an intermediary between the Freemasons in Moscow and the heir to the throne, Pavel, Vasily Bazhenov.
10. Alexander Bestuzhev, participant in the uprising on Senate Square, critic, writer.
11. Religious painter, the largest portrait painter Vladimir Borovikovsky, one of the most mystically minded intellectuals of the Alexander era.
12. Not proven: Peter the Great may have been a freemason. There is a version that it was he (together with his associates Patrick Gordon and Franz Lefort) who founded the Russian Lodge.

Mikhail Kutuzov

The famous freemason Kutuzov believed that membership in a serious secret organization could distract his attention from women and wine. He became a member of several lodges, was ordained to the seventh degree, received an original award and his own motto. Kutuzov was buried in the Kazan Cathedral, some time before this sad event, built by another famous Freemason architect A. Voronikhin.

Alexander Pushkin

Alexander Pushkin was admitted to the Masonic lodge in 1821, about which he made an entry in his diary. The brotherhood gathered in Chisinau, where he was serving a link. Soon the box closed, and before that, Pushkin, who was not an exemplary freemason, only managed to grow a nail on the thumb of his right hand - a hallmark of belonging to a secret society. In 1830, the writer moved away from the Masons and stopped attending meetings. Some biographers believe that members of the organization took revenge on Pushkin by using Dantes, a member of a foreign lodge, for provocations. There is still a version that during the funeral of Alexander Pushkin, another famous freemason Turgenev threw a glove into the grave - a sign of brotherhood.

Alexander Radishchev

No one could have thought that the son of a wealthy landowner and grandson of the orderly Peter the Great, having gathered ideas forbidden by censorship, would begin to propagate them in Russia. But Alexander Radishchev, going to study in Leipzig, got along with the Masons. For five years he was a member of the box, translated the works of the French Enlightenment for Nikolai Novikov, the founder of the box of strict obedience in Moscow. In 1790, the famous freemason Radishchev printed more than six hundred copies of "Travel from St. Petersburg to Moscow." Empress Catherine considered the writer "a rebel worse than Pugachev, " so he was arrested and put in the Peter and Paul Fortress. The court sentenced the freemason to execution, but the sentence was replaced by exile to Siberia. Then Emperor Paul returned Alexander Radishchev to Moscow.