Remuneration motivates all employees of the organization to fulfill their tasks. The effectiveness of the entire production process depends on the correct organization of this system. There are several motivation options for employees. Modern pay systems are noted by a number of factors. They will be discussed later.
Definition
Improving the wage system is carried out everywhere. Each organization seeks to improve the quality of motivation of its employees. The aim of this work is to get more profit. Companies strive to implement a system that would fairly fairly encourage the work of company employees.
Foreign sources interpret the term remuneration as the price paid by the enterprise for the use of a certain time, the efforts of the employee. Compensation can be paid in various forms (salary, bonus, fee, etc.), but this is always the cost of a unit of service in which the worker's activity is evaluated.
The Labor Code of Russia defines wages as remuneration paid for labor. It depends on qualifications, quantity, complexity and quality of performance, as well as working conditions. Also in the concept of wages include compensation (surcharges, allowances), incentive payments.
Wages in a market economy are the cost of labor for workers. It directly affects the standard of living of the population. Remuneration in a market economy can be nominal and real. In the first case, it is a monetary form of motivation. It is calculated per hour, day or other time periods. The real wage is the number of services, goods that a worker can purchase with the funds he received.
For a company, salary costs are one of the main components of variable costs. They allow you to attract a sufficient number of qualified employees to perform assigned production tasks.
System development
After the collapse of the USSR, a transformation of the wage system in modern conditions took place. The organizational approach to wage formation depends on the social, cultural environment. In Russia, the labor market was formed under the influence of a number of contradictions that arose under the influence of old and new views on reality.
The start for creating a modern system was the organization of remuneration of the Soviet era. She had both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of this model were the full employment of the population, as well as its confidence in the future. The disadvantage of this system is low wages, as well as a shortage of labor of different skill levels.
Previously, wages were inextricably linked with his public organization. It was implemented using the tariff system for workers and salaries for governing bodies and employees. This was the first systematic approach that allowed rewarding the activities of workers differentially.
In the Soviet Union, the tariff system took into account the level of qualifications of employees, as well as working conditions. These principles were the basis of the modern tariff organization of payment. The salary system at the same time took into account what qualifications an employee has, what experience, education. The amount of work, as well as the degree of responsibility of the employee, was also taken into account.
The amount of remuneration for their activities was determined not only by quality, but also by the amount of labor. He was also compared with established plans. The employee had to not only fulfill, but also exceed the established norm.
Today, modern wage systems distinguish several types of wages. Its difference is the presence (among other things) of a tariff-free motivation system. There are also various bonus approaches to pay for employees. Modern systems more than before, motivate people to perform the tasks set by management.
Forms and Systems
Modern forms and systems of remuneration allow us to evaluate and reward the employee for the resources expended by him in the course of fulfilling the tasks set. There are different approaches to organizing this process. Remuneration is based on two main categories - time and amount of work. Forms of remuneration can be of two types.
This is piecework and time wage. In the first case, remuneration is paid to the employee for the real amount of work that he performed. Time-based form involves payments for hours worked. This takes into account his qualifications and the complexity of the operations.
The piecework approach to the formation of remuneration can be of the following types:
- plain;
- piecework premium;
- indirect piecework;
- chord;
- piece-wise progressive (sometimes collective or individual).
Time-based payment system can be of the following types:
- plain;
- time-bonus;
- hourly;
- weekly;
- monthly.
According to the current legislation, organizations in our country can independently choose payment systems. At the same time, they choose the amount of rewards, bonuses, the ratio of their honey to certain categories of employees. The principles that guide the organization in this matter are enshrined in the contract, as well as local documentation.
Modern pay systems in Russia can be of two main types. This is a tariff and non-tariff form. Also today, such an approach as the bonus payment system is also applied.
Tariff Method
Modern systems of remuneration in the organization can be based on the tariff approach. To do this, develop tariff rates, the tariff system and coefficients, as well as official salaries. These categories are an integral part of the approach presented.
The tariff grid forms a list of posts or professions that are evaluated in terms of work complexity and qualifications. For this, appropriate coefficients are used.
The tariff category is a value that reflects the complexity of the employee’s work, the level of his professional training. In contrast to this indicator, the qualification category is a value that reflects the level of qualification of the employee. It is received in an educational institution after a training course.
Billing work is the process of comparing the type of labor and the tariff or qualification category. This allows you to evaluate the complexity of the employee. This procedure is performed under the influence of the Unified Qualification Guide.
Modern systems of remuneration (including the tariff approach) are stipulated in contracts, local agreements, regulatory acts of the organization. For managers and subordinate personnel, different approaches to remuneration are used. This is due to the peculiarities of their motivation.
Time payment
Time wage is a form of organization of remuneration to various categories of company employees. It can be used to encourage managers and their deputies, employees, support staff, as well as non-productive employees.
This approach has proven effective in the automation and mechanization of the production process. In such areas, the operating mode and the technological cycle are strictly regulated. There is no need to overfulfill the plan. Workers are required to monitor the operation of equipment that performs a clear sequence of actions at a set interval.
Time wage - this is the best option for enterprises that produce accurate products with standardized characteristics. Moreover, such motivation is combined with the establishment of certain tasks, the volume of which is strictly normalized.
Most often, modern plants use a simple and time-based bonus payment system. In the first approach, the employee is paid for his work in the form of a tariff rate. It is calculated in accordance with the organization's salary scheme. This fixed amount of funds is paid to the employee in the event that he worked all the time established by the standard.
This system can be organized in an hourly or daily form. To calculate wages for one employee, multiply the daily or hourly rate by the number of actually worked time periods. To do this, use a time sheet.
Time-bonus method
When performing an analysis of modern wage systems, they should be considered in comparison. So, the time-bonus system is characterized by the presence of a stimulating bonus. In this case, there is a certain rate, tariff. But they add extra encouragement to it. It can be monthly or quarterly. Some companies pay a similar bonus once every six months or a year.
The bonus is calculated as a percentage of the established salary. Hard, fixed amounts of money are sometimes used. The choice depends on the characteristics of the company and the policy of motivation of its staff.
Bonuses can be carried out for achieving the necessary quantitative or qualitative indicators.
So, you can consider the methodology for calculating a simple and time-bonus system. For example, the salary of an employee is 12 thousand rubles. Of the 22 working days in the month, he worked only 20 days. His salary will be as follows:
ZP = 12000: 22 * 20 = 10909 rubles.
In the same situation, with a time-bonus system of payment, the calculation would be different. In this case, the employee could have been provided with a monthly bonus of 25% of the salary. If an employee, for good reason, did not go to work 2 days a month, but complied with the set standard (for quality or quantity of products), his salary will be as follows:
ZP = (12000: 22 * 20) + (12000 * 25%) = 13909 rubles.
It is more important for the company that the employee fulfills the requirements set for him regarding the quality of his work. At the same time, he may not go out for 2 days to work (for good reason) and receive more money than with a simple time-based payment system.
Piecework technique
Modern wage systems can be built on a slightly different principle. The piecework technique is used to reward the activities of employees of the main production. This payment option will be appropriate in areas where quantitative indicators of labor results are important. This allows you to more accurately reflect the costs of labor and time of workers in the process of their activities.
The piecework system opens up opportunities for the establishment of certain standards that reflect the actual production of each employee within the set time. This allows you to calculate how many parts of the required quality a particular employee manufactured per shift, whether he carried out a certain amount of work.
Most often, piece-rate wages are used in combination with bonuses. Moreover, there is encouragement for the implementation and overfulfillment of the established norm. Improving the quality of finished products or saving resources (raw materials, materials, energy, etc.) may also be encouraged.
Piecework-bonus pay is one of the most common systems of motivation for employees of such industries. It has existed for many years, so it was able to prove its effectiveness.
The calculations can take into account both individual and collective work of the brigade or site. It depends on what activities the company encourages. If teamwork is required from employees, the entire site will receive a bonus, but only if the overall plan is implemented. If this is not required, each employee seeks to exceed the established rate to receive a bonus. In this case, a certain rivalry arises between all employees of the site. It must be present within reasonable limits.
Chord system
Accord pay is one of the most common payroll methods in the piecework system. In the course of the calculation, the rates for each specific volume of work are determined taking into account the terms established by the norm. The amount of payment is determined in advance, that is, even before the start of work.
Accord pay is a very effective system of motivation for employees whose work involves the creation of as many products or services as possible. Payroll is based on costing. At the same time, established production standards are taken into account, as well as prices for each specific level.
The presented system is often used to motivate the whole team, workshop or site. Evaluation is carried out upon completion of work. When the work is completed, the total amount will be proportionally divided between all members of the brigade. This takes into account how much time each employee worked. For this, a labor participation rate may also be used. This allows you to distribute the total profit between employees fairly, that is, in accordance with the personal achievements of each.
Direct piecework premium systems
With a direct system of payment to an employee, the cost for each type of service performed or goods manufactured is calculated. For example, an employee receives 90 rubles per hour. In 2 hours he makes one part. Therefore, a unit of production costs 90 * 2 = 180 rubles. If a day a worker made 4 parts, he gets 180 * 4 = 720 rubles.
This system has certain disadvantages. Therefore, it is used less often today. This is only possible for industries in which the worker has little influence on production technology. Automation of lines controlled by the employee allows to achieve high quality parts. The tasks of employees whose work is paid according to the direct piecework system include monitoring the operation of the line and preventing its malfunctions.
Piece-rate bonuses are one of the most commonly used methods. It consists of payment at the basic rate and premium. For example, for one item a worker receives 60 rubles. If the entire batch was issued without marriage, the worker receives a bonus of 10%. So, the worker made 100 units of production. He gets:
ZP = 60 * 100 + (60 * 100 * 10%) = 6600 rub.
This allows you to stimulate the employee to produce high quality products. If the parts must meet a certain standard, this allows you to get not only the required number of blanks, but also to achieve their high quality.
