Culture is, first of all, a certain level of perfection of a skill, its value. This is a combination of ideal objects that are created by humanity in the process of its development. From the point of view of culture, any object or process can be considered that has not only practical significance, but also the special value of coloring the world.
The essence of culture lies in the creative activity of man. After all, he cognizes this world, receives objective knowledge, and the main role in the diversity of this knowledge is played by art and science.
The concept and essence of culture is considered in several concepts. For example, the socio-attributive concept considers it as an integral component of human society. In this understanding, culture encompasses all phenomena created by man himself. And also everything that is created with the help of the human mind. Accordingly, it can be divided into spiritual and material.
The essence of culture in the aspect of the anthropocentric concept is ethical standards. In its framework, material and spiritual production plays a secondary role. And worldview beliefs, aesthetic tastes that directly make a person a person come to the fore. In the light of this concept, such phenomena as violence, a sword, a bomb and the like are anti-cultural elements and cannot exist.
The transcendental concept defines the essence of culture as a super-social phenomenon. At the same time, it cannot be limited to either historical events or personal representations. It is defined as something transcendental, since all phenomena pass, but culture remains. In particular, world religions, technology and science, as well as art, are independent. In the framework of this concept, values live in eternity and cannot be connected with time and space.
The essence of culture lies not only in museums and archives, but also in man. After all, an individual cannot live separately from culture. It is in culture and through its prism that a person can self-actualize and use the potential laid down by nature to the full extent.
Also, discussing the essence of culture, it is worth paying attention to the concept of political culture. This concept took shape in a concept in the middle of the 20th century, the essence of which lies in the fact that political processes in any case are subject to long-formed internal laws that directly relate to culture and politics.
The essence of political culture lies in the fact that it represents a set of ideas about the national and socio-political community, about the whole political life, as well as the rules and laws of functioning.
This concept is considered in two main directions. The first is a subjectivist or behaviourist one, in the understanding of which the political culture is limited to the sphere of political consciousness and is considered as a subjective attitude of a person to politics.
The second direction is the objectivist one, which examines political culture not only in connection with the system of orientations and beliefs, but also its close connection with political activity.
As for the components of political culture, it includes:
- political positions, in particular, their emotional and sensual side;
- worldview beliefs, attitudes and orientations that are addressed to the political system, these include knowledge of politics;
- samples of political behavior that are recognized in a particular society.
Culture is a very complex and multifaceted phenomenon; therefore, its study is a rather laborious and painstaking process.
