The article will talk about one of the wonderful plant inhabitants of the forests. Its name directly speaks of where it likes to grow. This is a birch tree, whose favorite places of growth are forests with birch trees.
It should be noted that these mushrooms are included in the group belonging to one single genus - Obabkovye. Their main difference from other varieties is the brownish color of the hat (in different shades).
The genus Obabok combines a variety of types of mushrooms, including boletus, boletus. Despite the characteristic features of the plants of each group, their common characteristics often confuse beginners. In this regard, it is precisely the boletus boletus that is often called boletus.
This article will provide more detailed information about white boletus: photo, description, etc.
General characteristics of boletus
It forms a birch bark with mycorrhiza with birch, from where its name came from.
These mushrooms have characteristic convex hats, the shades of which range from white to almost black. Young mushrooms have dense beautiful hemispherical hats. But as they grow, they become more loose, pillow-like.
The size reaches a diameter of up to 20 cm. However, mushroom pickers often ignore such specimens, because a more saturated and delicate taste is inherent in young representatives. Their legs are gray or white, covered with brownish, black or dark gray scales. The thickness of the legs is 4 cm in diameter. The young mushroom has a dense, elastic flesh of white color. But some varieties at the break can change it to a pinkish tint.
Before we introduce white boletus, we briefly describe the varieties of mushrooms in this group.
Varieties
Perebereziki can be divided into several varieties, depending on the appearance and conditions of their growth. In total, there are about 40 of them, but not all of them can be found in Russia. The following are the most common types:
- Ordinary - the most common and most valuable in terms of addictions of culinary masters. The hat has a uniform color, the leg is thickened below.
- White - grows in moist places and does not differ in special productivity (white boletus).
- Harsh - loves soils with sand and loams of aspen and poplar. The brown hat is pubescent, the flesh on the cut turns pink, and the leg below acquires a lilac color.
- Swampy - quite often found in wetland wetlands. The hat has a lighter shade, the leg is thinner.
- Pinking - occurs mainly in autumn in the moist northern forests. The color of the cap is heterogeneous, brownish, and the flesh on the fracture turns pink due to oxidation.
- Gray (hornbeam) - has the longest collection period: from spring to autumn. A hat of brown-olive and grayish shades with tubercles and wrinkles, a relatively short stalk, the flesh becomes purple and then black when cut.
There are still in nature varieties black and multi-colored.
All these mushrooms feel great among birch trees, but are also found in other trees. More often they grow in places well warmed up by the sun, but with the soil quite moist.
White boletus: photo and description
The mushroom is edible. His hat is whitish with various shades: light gray, cream, pinkish.
The shape of the cap of a young mushroom, like that of other brown boletus, is hemispherical, in more mature age it is cushion-shaped. Then she becomes more prostrate. But unlike the common boletus, it is fully disclosed quite rarely. The average diameter is 3-8 cm. The white and tender pulp of the mushroom does not have a special taste and smell.
The height of the white birch tree reaches a size of up to 7-10 cm (sometimes higher in the grass), the diameter of the legs is 0.8-1.5 cm, and tapers closer to the hat. Its color is white, covered with scales of the same color, but with age and when dried, they darken. The fibrous pulp of the legs of this variety of mushroom, in comparison with the usual wild boletus, is softer. At the base acquires a bluish tint.
Beneficial features
One of the most important properties of white boletus, like all mushrooms in this group, is its ability to remove toxins thanks to the dietary fiber contained in it. Mushrooms are useful as an aid in the treatment of the following diseases:
- diseases of the nervous system;
- change in the amount of sugar in the blood;
- various pathologies of the kidneys;
- skin problems;
- musculoskeletal system inflammation;
- inflammation of the mucous membranes.
The mushroom pulp contains vitamins of groups B and C, D, E, proteins, nicotinic acid, micro and macro elements. In addition, the body assimilates it quite easily.
Places of growth
White boletus is found from mid-summer to early October in mixed and deciduous forests, forming mycorrhiza mainly with birch. The mushroom prefers moist places and the outskirts of the swamps. It is not very rare in such places, but it does not differ in large productivity.
The youngest first mushrooms can be found in more open and warmed up by the sun places: glades, groves, edges. You can find them under single trees.
The mushroom of this species feels good in a variety of climatic conditions. It grows even in the tundra (near birches). The main condition is the presence of the birch root system, which provides nutrition to these mushrooms.
Similar types of mushrooms
From its closely related common boletus, the white variety is distinguished by the almost white color of the hat.
Another similar species of the same genus (Obabkovye) is the notorious white boletus. But the latter is distinguished by the fact that at the break it actively changes its color.
False representative
There is, by and large, just one false mushroom, with which one can easily confuse not only the described species, but also other brown boletus, porcini mushroom and even butterdish. This is a bile mushroom. It is dangerous and poisonous, but it is not difficult to identify it.
It is important to pay attention to the cut on the leg. The flesh of a poisonous false representative, oxidizing in air, changes color from raspberry and pink to cyanotic and poisonous green.
