In our country, many cities are rich in history and architectural monuments. The stone Pogankins' chambers in Pskov are intriguing by their name. But it turns out that they are named after the name of the merchant who built them. It happened in the middle of the XVII century.
Who built them
Of course, such construction could only be done by a rich person, which, undoubtedly, was Sergei Ivanovich Pogankin. Of course, he was not lucky with his last name. But in business was lucky. Last names were not given just like that before. These were nicknames describing any feature of a person. The word "grebe" already had a negative connotation. Therefore, we can assume that the person who was called so was not good. Although the rest of his family could be worthy people, they had to bear this surname, which made people suspicious of the cleanliness of their ancestors.
Sergei, who later built the Pogankinsky Chambers, photos of which can be seen in this article, made his fortune by selling lard. It turns out that this product was popular at that time, and the premium on its resale brought quite tangible income. In addition to melted fat, Pogankin sold hemp, yuft, flax and other goods. He was not limited to trade. He invested profit in the acquisition of real estate, the arrangement of gardens and vegetable gardens. Sergey also had a mill and a tannery. It would seem that a man earned his labor, but the opinion of others was such that his wealth was dishonest. They talked about his occupation of smuggling, communication with bandits. In addition, he was often caught for non-payment of duties.
Life outcome
Anyway, he had a lot of money. Therefore, he was appointed head of the money court, because in case of shortage, he could reimburse it at his own expense. In general, Pogankin also held a responsible post at customs, that is, sought where he could gain his profit. Money did not help him survive the plague. He didn’t leave everything he inherited for his sons, Ivan and Yakim, that he had acquired for his life, including the Pogankinsky Chambers, since he had not made a will. The clan was interrupted by his nephew, who bequeathed all wealth to monasteries and temples in the name of saving the souls possessing them, and the buildings passed into the city treasury. For some time they served as a store, and then as a powder warehouse. In the middle of the XVIII century, the Pogankinsky Chambers came into the possession of V.I. Rimsky-Korsakov, and then returned to the treasury again. During the transition from one owner to another, the buildings in some places collapsed. Therefore, they were rebuilt and demolished the "extra" floors.
Architecture features
The stone walls, which were very durable and withstood the blows of German bombers in 1944, when the Pogankinsky Chambers were already a museum and belonged to the Pskov Archaeological Society, did not change. Of course, some structures were damaged. For example, a three-story building, which was restored in the 50s, was partially damaged.
The toadstools of the house look peculiar. Nowadays it is more usual to see large windows so that the living room is light, and in the middle of the XVII century, it seems, the emphasis was on the strength of the walls and the solidity of the building, since the windows in the building are very small and more like loopholes. In total there are 105 pieces.
The main thing is strength
The external walls are devoid of decor and simply whitewashed. The building resembles a fortress. Yes, it is obvious, and was conceived as such. This is evidenced by iron shutters with twisted gratings, closing windows as needed, internal stairs in the thickness of the walls, numerous niches and hiding places. But inside the traveler expects a lot of interesting things. How to get into the Pogankinsky Chambers? Their address is the same as that of the Pskov Museum-Reserve, because they are one of its exhibits. To get inside, you need to purchase a ticket.
What are the Pogankins Chambers (Pskov) made of?
The structure resembles the letter "G". It consists of three parts: large, medium and small. In which, accordingly, the owner lived, members of his family and cookeries. A staircase with high steps leads from the porch into the premises. Climbing it, you find yourself in a spacious canopy. There are six main rooms on this floor. All have vaulted ceilings. The transitions between them are also vaulted. There are also two small auxiliary rooms. Three large halls were used for production purposes and were associated with cellars occupying the first floor.
The pogankins' chambers also have a two-story part. On an additional tier were the canopy, rooms, dining room and places for entertainment. The residential mansions were wooden. But there is also a third stone floor. The staircase along which it was necessary to climb it was locked on three doors: at the beginning, in the middle and at the end. There were chambers for various activities. They were divided into male and female. In the chambers preserved tiled stoves. Their rich finishes indicate the significant wealth of the owner of the house.
What can be seen inside
Entrance to the building begins with a high steep staircase, which leads to an exposition of ancient objects extracted from treasures. These are weapons, and precious salaries of icons, as well as various silver items. Cloth is a special kind of needlework made of silver threads. In Pskov, craftsmen made various objects using this technique. The original patterns that they created differed from Novgorod and Moscow. Antique articles made in this manner are also on display in the wards. Pskov icons are immediately presented. Their spelling also has its own characteristics. If you know about them, then you can independently distinguish these icons from the works of masters from other areas. Firstly, these are the strict and spiritualized faces of saints, and secondly, the use of bright, saturated colors, mostly dark green, red, white, when writing. In addition to the icons, the Pogankinsky Chambers (Pskov) represent visitors the ruins of the churches of Dovmontov city. On these fragments you can see the remains of frescoes of the XIV century. Also in the halls of the museum exhibited household items, clothing, ceramics.
Popular exposure
The pogankins' chambers, photos of which are presented in this article, suggest visiting several exhibitions on their territory. One of them opened in 2003 and is dedicated to the 1100th anniversary of Pskov. The exposition tells about the history of the city and consists of several rooms. One of them is dedicated to the emergence of the city and its founder, Princess Olga. It is hard to believe, but objects related to the II-III centuries have survived to this day. n e., and they are represented in this room. These include horn combs, knives, clay spindle, amulets, vessels, beads, coins, scales, keys. All that people of that time used. You can see here a portrait of Olga herself. Another interesting subject at the exhibition is the model of the Scandinavian ship. It was on these ancient Pskovs who moved along the river. What did they look like? Anthropologists helped to present their appearance, who studied the remains found in burials dating from the X-XI century, and recreated the appearance of the Pskov men and women of that time.
