The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation include various troops (missile, ground, aerospace, etc.), and together they represent an organization for organizing the country's defense. Their main task is the reflection of aggression and the protection of the territorial integrity of the state, but recently the tasks have slightly changed.
Today, the tasks of the personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation can be divided into 4 areas:
- Deterrence of not only military, but also political threats to security.
- The implementation of power operations in non-war time.
- Ensuring the political and economic interests of the state.
- Use of force for security.
At the OBZh lessons, the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is studied in grades 10-11. Therefore, this information should be known to all citizens of the Russian Federation.
A bit of history
The modern composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation owes history. It was formed depending on possible acts of aggression against the state. The most significant stage in the history of the development of the army is the victory on the Kulikovo field (1380), near Poltava (1709) and, of course, in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
The Permanent Army in Russia was formed under Ivan the Terrible. It was he who began to create troops with centralized control and supply. In 1862-1874, a reform was introduced with the introduction of an all-conscription military service, the principles of leadership were also changed, and technical re-equipment was carried out. However, after the revolution in 1917, the army was gone. Instead, the Red Army was formed, and then the Armed Forces of the USSR, which were divided into 3 types: land, air force and navy.
Today, the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has slightly changed, but the main skeleton has remained the same.
Ground troops
It is this species that is the most numerous. It was created for presence on land and, by and large, ground forces - this is the most important element of the army. It is impossible to seize and hold territory without this kind of troops, to repel an invasion of the landing, etc. It was for these purposes that such units were created. In turn, they are divided into the following types:
- Tank forces.
- Motorized Rifle.
- Artillery.
- Missile troops and air defense.
- Special Services.
- Signal Corps.
The largest personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation includes ground forces. This includes all types of military units listed above.
Tank (armored) troops. They represent the main striking force on earth and are an extremely powerful tool for solving problems of the first importance.
Motorized rifle troops - units with a large number of personnel and equipment. Their purpose is the independent conduct of hostilities on a large territory, although they can act as support in other branches of the armed forces.
Artillery and missile units always consist of formations, parts of tactical missiles, artillery.
Air defense - air defense forces that provide protection for ground units and the rear from attacks from aircraft and other means of attack from the air. Special services perform highly specialized functions.
Military space forces
Until 1997, the Air Force existed, but the Presidential Decree of July 16, 1997 ordered the creation of a new type of aircraft. Since that time, the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has somewhat changed: the Air Force and space defense units have merged. So formed the aerospace forces.
They are engaged in reconnaissance of the aerospace situation, determining the probable start of an air or missile attack and alerting military and state authorities about it. It goes without saying that the Russian aerospace forces are called upon to repulse aggression from the air or from space even, if necessary, with the use of nuclear weapons.
The structure of the videoconferencing
Modern Russian aerospace forces include:
- Air Force
- Space troops.
- Air and missile defense troops.
- Military units of technical support.
- Communications troops and electronic warfare.
- Military schools.
For each kind of troops there is a range of tasks. The Air Force, for example, repels aggression in the air, strikes enemy targets and troops using conventional and nuclear weapons.
Space forces monitor objects in space and identify threats to Russia from airless space. If necessary, they can counter possible hits. Also, space forces are entrusted with the launch of spacecraft (satellites) in the orbit of the Earth, their control.
Fleet
The Navy is intended to protect the state from the sea and ocean, protect the interests of the country in marine areas. The Navy consists of:
- Four fleets: Black Sea, Baltic, Pacific and Northern.
- Caspian flotilla.
- Submarine forces, which are designed to destroy enemy boats, strike at surface ships and their groups, defeat ground targets.
- Surface forces for strikes on submarines, landing, landing forces, counteraction to surface ships.
- Naval aviation for the destruction of convoys, submarine flotillas, naval groups, violation of enemy surveillance systems.
- The coastal forces entrusted with the task of defending the coast and objects on the coast.
Missile forces
The composition and organization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation also include missile forces, which may contain a land, air, or water component. Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces) are primarily intended for the destruction of nuclear attack weapons, as well as enemy groups. In particular, the main objectives of strategic missile forces are the enemy’s military bases, industrial facilities, large groups, command and control systems, infrastructure facilities, etc.
The main and important property of the Strategic Missile Forces is the ability to precisely deliver strikes with a nuclear weapon over vast distances (ideally, anywhere in the world) and simultaneously at all important strategic targets. They are also designed to create favorable conditions for other arms of the armed forces. If we talk about the organization of the Strategic Missile Forces, they consist of units that are armed with medium-range missiles and units with intercontinental missiles.
The very first part was formed on July 15, 1946. Already in 1947, the successful first test launch of the R-1 guided missile (ballistic) was carried out. By 1955, there were already several units that possessed long-range missiles. But literally 2 years later they conducted an intercontinental test, with several steps. It is noteworthy that she was the first in the world. After testing the intercontinental missile, it became possible to create a new type of troops — the strategic one. This logical step followed, and in 1960 another type of Armed Forces was organized - the Strategic Missile Forces.
Long-range or strategic aviation
We have already talked about the videoconferencing system, but we have not yet touched upon such a type of troops as long-range aviation. He deserves a separate chapter. The structure and composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation includes strategic bombers. It is noteworthy that only two countries of the world have them - the USA and Russia. Together with intercontinental missiles and submarines, strategic bombers are part of the nuclear triad and are primarily responsible for the security of the state.
The composition and tasks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, in particular, long-range aviation, is to bombard important military-industrial facilities behind enemy lines, destroy its infrastructure and large concentrations of troops, military bases. The goals of these aircraft are power plants, factories, bridges, and entire cities.
Such aircraft are called strategic bombers because of the ability to make intercontinental flights and use nuclear weapons. Some types of aircraft can use it, but are unable to perform intercontinental flights. They are called long-range bombers.
A few words about the TU-160 - "White Swan"
Speaking of long-range aviation, one can not help but mention the TU-160 missile carrier with variable wing geometry. In history, it is the largest, most powerful and heaviest supersonic aircraft. Its feature is a swept wing. Among the existing strategic bombers, it has the largest take-off mass and combat load. Pilots gave him the nickname - "White Swan".
